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LEARN + KOREAN / 114 of 125 TOPIK II

On Top of That, Any Choice -데다가

a

You are describing a reliable friend: thoughtful, and helpful too. Then you give them a choice of where to meet. -데다가 adds another point in the same direction; -든지 makes clear that either option is acceptable.

Add Another Supporting Point

Use -는 데다가 after present action verbs, -(으)ㄴ 데다가 after adjectives or completed actions, and -인 데다가 after nouns. The second clause adds another quality or circumstance, often reinforcing the first. Leave a space before 데다가.

je chinguneun chinjeolhan dedaga yaksokdo jal jikyeoyo.
My friend is kind and also keeps promises well.
biga oneun dedaga baramdo mani bureoyo.
It’s raining, and on top of that it’s very windy.

Any of These Options Will Do

Attach -든지 to verbs or adjectives, and -(이)든지 to nouns: 가든지, 먹든지, 커피든지 차든지. With a question word, it makes the choice unrestricted: 언제든지, 어디든지, 누구든지.

keopideunji chadeunji da gwaenchanayo.
Coffee or tea is fine.
sigani isseumyeon eonjedeunji yeollakhaseyo.
Contact me whenever you have time.
Hint · 힌트
Use 든지 for alternatives or an unrestricted choice. 던 in 자주 가던 곳 looks back at experience. The vowels distinguish different grammar.

Vocabulary

KoreanEnglish
친절하다
chinjeolhada
to be kind
약속
yaksok
promise
지키다
jikida
to keep or observe
바람이 불다
barami bulda
wind to blow
언제든지
eonjedeunji
whenever
연락하다
yeollakhada
to contact
성실하다
seongsilhada
to be conscientious
유머 감각
yumeo gamgak
sense of humour
책임감
chaegimgam
sense of responsibility
적극적이다
jeokgeukjeogida
to be proactive
소극적이다
sogeukjeogida
to be passive
느긋하다
neugeuthada
to be easygoing
급하다
geuphada
to be impatient or urgent
낙천적이다
nakcheonjeogida
to be optimistic
배려하다
baeryeohada
to be considerate
솔직하다
soljikhada
to be honest
믿음직하다
mideumjikhada
to be dependable
장점
jangjeom
strength
성격
seonggyeok
personality
적성
jeokseong
aptitude

YOUR PROGRESS

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