LEARN + KOREAN / 62 of 125 TOPIK I

Have Done Before -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다

A friend asks whether you have ever missed a flight. You are counting experiences in your life, rather than describing what you did yesterday. -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다 says that an occasion like this has happened before.

One Occasion Is Enough

Attach -ㄴ 적이 있다 after a vowel and -은 적이 있다 after most consonants: 가다 → 간 적이 있다, 먹다 → 먹은 적이 있다. A ㄹ stem drops ㄹ before ㄴ: 살다 → 산 적이 있다. 적 is a dependent noun meaning an occasion; leave a space before it.

hangugeseo san jeogi isseoyo.

I have lived in Korea before.

bihaenggireul nochin jeogi isseoyo?

Have you ever missed a flight?

When It Has Never Happened

Replace 있다 with 없다 for an experience you have never had. 먹어 봤어요 often asks about a similar experience, but -아/어 보다 can also invite someone to try something now. -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다 only looks back at whether an occasion occurred.

honja yeohaenghan jeogi eopseoyo.

I have never travelled alone.

ireon eumsigeul meogeun jeogi eopseoyo.

I have never eaten food like this.

Hint · 힌트

Use the completed-action modifier, 간 적, rather than the present modifier 가는 적 when asking about life experience. The ending 있어요 can stay present because the experience belongs to your life now.

Vocabulary

Korean	English
놓치다 nochida	to miss (a flight or opportunity)
비행기 bihaenggi	aeroplane
혼자 honja	alone
여행하다 yeohaenghada	to travel
경험 gyeongheom	experience
이런 ireon	this kind of
여행 yeohaeng	travel
해외여행 haeoeyeohaeng	overseas travel
여행지 yeohaengji	travel destination
숙소 sukso	accommodation
여권 yeogwon	passport
공항 gonghang	airport
비행기표 bihaenggipyo	plane ticket
기차표 gichapyo	train ticket
예매하다 yemaehada	to book tickets
예약하다 yeyakhada	to reserve
일정 iljeong	schedule
출발하다 chulbalhada	to depart
도착하다 dochakhada	to arrive
머무르다 meomureuda	to stay

YOUR PROGRESS

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