LEARN + KOREAN / 105 of 125 TOPIK II
Because of It, As It Happened (으)로 인해
a
A road closure causes delays. A new bridge then changes how people travel. Formal reports can name the cause with (으)로 인해서; -(으)면서 can show a change that accompanies or brings another change.
A Cause in a Report
Attach 로 인해서 after a vowel or ㄹ, 으로 인해서 after another consonant: 사고로 인해서, 공사로 인해서. It is common in reports and formal explanations. (으)로 인해 is a shorter version; (으)로 인한 modifies a noun.
doro gongsaro inhaeseo beoseuga neujeosseoyo.
The bus was late because of roadworks.
poguro inhan pihaega keosseoyo.
The damage caused by the heavy rain was extensive.
One Development Changes the Situation
Beyond two simultaneous actions, -(으)면서 can introduce an event or change that leads into a new situation: 다리가 생기면서…. Use -면서 after a vowel or ㄹ and -으면서 after another consonant. The clauses can have different subjects in this use.
sae dariga saenggimyeonseo gyotongi pyeollihaejyeosseoyo.
Transport became more convenient when the new bridge was built.
nalssiga chuwojimyeonseo gamgi hwanjaga neureosseoyo.
As the weather grew colder, the number of cold patients increased.
Hint · 힌트
In 교통이 편리해지면서 방문객이 늘었어요, the transport change sets up the increase in visitors. This does not require one person to be doing both things at the same moment.
Vocabulary
| Korean | English |
|---|---|
doro gongsa | roadworks |
pogu | heavy rain |
pihae | damage |
dari | bridge |
gyotong | transport |
neulda | to increase |
gamum | drought |
hongsu | flood |
pokseol | heavy snowfall |
sansatae | landslide |
jeonyeombyeong | epidemic |
pokbal | explosion |
balsaenghada | to occur |
siljongdoeda | to go missing |
busangja | injured person |
samangja | person killed or deceased |
busangeul danghada | to suffer an injury |
muneojida | to collapse |
chwisodoeda | to be cancelled |
unhang | air or sea service operation |
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